![]() Instead, the pluperfect, like the preterite, is expressed using the perfect. Modern Afrikaans also lacks a pluperfect (e.g. Compare also the distinction between English born and borne. This is akin to Dutch, in which the verb baren has the past participles gebaard and geboren, with a similar distinction. The former is used in the active voice ("she has borne") and the latter in the passive voice ("she was born"). The verb baar (to bear, to give birth) has two past participles: gebaar and gebore. Several verbs have irregular perfect forms which are used alongside regular forms, sometimes with different meanings: The following four full verbs also have (rarely used) preterite forms: The only common exceptions to this are the modal verbs (see the following table) and the verb wees "be" (preterite form was). the use of a historical present, which is sometimes also employed in Dutch). I have watched), or in storytelling by the present tense (i.e. I watched) has been completely replaced by the perfect (e.g. For example,įor most verbs, the preterite (e.g. In addition, Afrikaans verbs do not conjugate differently depending on the subject. This phenomenon is somewhat akin to English verbs, since infinitives are mostly equivalent to verbs in the simple tense, except in English singular 3rd person forms, in which case an extra -s is added. There is no distinction for example between the infinitive and present forms of verbs, with the exception of these two verbs: This article describes the grammar of Afrikaans, a language spoken in South Africa which originated from 17th century Dutch. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.You should also add the template to the talk page.A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Afrikaans Wikipedia article at ] see its history for attribution. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation.If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality.Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.View a machine-translated version of the Afrikaans article.Sediba sa thuto : mphato wa (grade) 1 : pukutiro by Mokoena, C. Montshepetša-Bošego wa Borare by Nkadimeng, Andrew P. ![]() Kodumela : Sepedi leleme la gae : Padiso, Mphato wa 9 by Puleng, N. Polelo ya ka : 6 : padišo by Letsoalo, P DDC Kodumela : Sepedi leleme la gae : Mphato wa 8. Sepedi made easy : a step-by-step guide to learning and mastering Sepedi DDCĬomprehensive Northern Sotho dictionary : Nthn. Padisô IV : Hlatha puô! by Schwellnus, P. A DDCīodiba bja dikgakollo by Mphasha, L. DDCĪ re bale : padiso ya sesotho sa leboa : mphato wa 4 by Hoffmann, P. Lokatiefvorming in Noord-Sotho by Prinsloo, D. Leer Noord-Sotho praat = : Learn to speak Northern Sotho : Handleiding en Spraakgids = Handbook and conversation manual LCC DDCĪ re šogeng thari : 11 : puku ya go itokišetša ditlhahlobo by Mphahlele, R. ![]() Mmila wa segageso : std 5 (northern sotho language book) by Nchabeleng, C. Oxford South African multilingual primary dictionary DDC Without a hyphen or leading zeros as shown below: ISSNĪn ISSN is a standardized international code which allows the identification of a serial publication.Īn ISSN consists of eight digits in two groups of four, separated by a hyphen. The twelfth digit is a check digit and usually appears at the bottom right of the symbol.Įnter all digits found on the item (e.g., 008817006925).The next ten digits encoded in the symbol are below the bars.The first digit is the Number System Character (NSC) which appears on the left side of the symbol outside of the bars.Hyphens or spaces usually separate the elements of the The UPC appears as a barcode symbol with 12 digits printed below it. The Universal Product Code (UPC) is a barcode symbol that is used to track trade items in stores (e.g., audio and video products). Enter an OCLC number without leading zeros. OCLC assigns a unique number to each bibliographic record input into WorldCat. Thirteen-digit ISBNs must begin with either 978 or 979. An ISBN is a unique number assigned to an item by its publisher.
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